Categories
Developer tools Interactive Media Web 2.0 Young people & museums

Learning to program your own social media

Using social media is exciting but what about learning how to program your very own web applications?

How about those 10 year olds who read about using IM (instant messaging) and rejecting email as bring for ‘oldies’? Could it be possible for those same 10 year olds to be writing their very own instant messaging application?

A while ago I sent around the Try Ruby! interactive tutorial to my team to introduce them to the basics of Ruby. Most of us had grown up around Commodore 64s and had learnt the very basics (using BASIC and perhaps machine code a little later) when we were youngsters and the Ruby tutorial had a lot of that kind of playful unbreakable (but hackable) vibe to it.

Now there is a lovely little downloadable package called Hackety Hack put together by a sensible person with a little time on their hands, which takes this idea further and is a combined programming environment and web browser.

The seven part introductory tutorial nails the very things that youngsters want to learn to do, and do quickly – automating the downloading of MP3s and YouTube videos, building a blog, even your own instant messaging/chat tool – all quickly and logically.

The lovely thing about this is that whilst building these applications – which actually do work out in the ‘real’ world – you are also learning the basics of Ruby.

Simple.

Now to start using this in classes in one of our media labs . . .

Categories
Developer tools Digitisation Web 2.0

Stop spam and help correct OCR errors – at the same time!

reCaptcha is a nifty project that uses the now familiar ‘Captcha’ web form spam prevention technique to help fix OCR problems in global digitisation projects.

Currently this great example of socially responsible crowdsourcing is helping fix digitisation errors and inconsistencies in books scanned for the Internet Archive – books that will be reproduced in the developing world through projects like the Million Book Project.

If you are considering (or already use) a Captcha tool on your website or blog you might consider swapping over to reCaptcha so that your users, when submitting comments, aren’t just keeping your site free of spam but they are also helping fix digitisation for others.

There are downloadable plugins for WordPress, mediaWiki, PHPbb, as well as a general PHP class, and a range of APIs to choose from for easy implementation in projects.

Here’s the project blurb –

About 60 million CAPTCHAs are solved by humans around the world every day. In each case, roughly ten seconds of human time are being spent. Individually, that’s not a lot of time, but in aggregate these little puzzles consume more than 150,000 hours of work each day. What if we could make positive use of this human effort? reCAPTCHA does exactly that by channeling the effort spent solving CAPTCHAs online into “reading” books.

To archive human knowledge and to make information more accessible to the world, multiple projects are currently digitizing physical books that were written before the computer age. The book pages are being photographically scanned, and then, to make them searchable, transformed into text using “Optical Character Recognition” (OCR). The transformation into text is useful because scanning a book produces images, which are difficult to store on small devices, expensive to download, and cannot be searched. The problem is that OCR is not perfect.

reCAPTCHA improves the process of digitizing books by sending words that cannot be read by computers to the Web in the form of CAPTCHAs for humans to decipher. More specifically, each word that cannot be read correctly by OCR is placed on an image and used as a CAPTCHA. This is possible because most OCR programs alert you when a word cannot be read correctly.

But if a computer can’t read such a CAPTCHA, how does the system know the correct answer to the puzzle? Here’s how: Each new word that cannot be read correctly by OCR is given to a user in conjunction with another word for which the answer is already known. The user is then asked to read both words. If they solve the one for which the answer is known, the system assumes their answer is correct for the new one. The system then gives the new image to a number of other people to determine, with higher confidence, whether the original answer was correct.

Categories
External Reference Sites Interactive Media Web 2.0 Web metrics

Demos report on Culture Online UK

Yesterday Demos UK released their report Logging On: Culture, participation and the web. It is available as a free download or can be purchased in a printed form.

In the brief history of the internet, the cultural sector has followed two related paths: on the one hand, the digitisation of content and provision of information and, on the other, interactivity and opportunities for expression. Some have seen these as in binary opposition. The truth is that they are inexorably merging. But the big question is where do we go next? How can policy intervention best meet with technology to achieve the aim of bringing about a more democratic culture? What will be the role, opportunities and limitations of online culture in a rapidly changing world?

A moment of reflection is provided by the coming to an end, in March 2007, of the Culture Online initiative funded by the Department for Culture,Media and Sport. Culture Online provides both an interesting case study, bringing together lessons learnt about how to organise online engagement, and a point of departure for asking questions about future directions.

The report is notable for its recommendations for future directions (smaller, agency-led entrepreneurial initiatives that interact/inter-operate with each other) and lessons about how to successfully implement online projects that effectively engage communities. As the report explains, the shift to networked initiatives and new styles of working will not be without difficulties – new organisational models within the public sector will need to be found to accommodate and nurture entrepreneurial talents.

The cultural sector is, almost by definition, at the forefront of innovation. Experimentation in models of organisation are as necessary as new expressions of cultural content. The cultural sector and the organisations that mediate and enable the sector could and should have a role to play in trying out new forms of technology, especially in highlighting non-market or emerging market fields.

Thank you to Daniel Pett at the British Museum for alerting me to this report.

Categories
Interactive Media Web 2.0

The Real Costs carbon emission calculator Firefox plugin

There is an emerging world of browser-based technologies that are extending functionality in hitherto unforeseen and exciting ways. A good example of this is Real Costs for Firefox. Like most of these sorts of plugins on Firefox it uses Greasemonkey.

Real Costs adds a lovely visual display of carbon emissions data to your view when you visit popular travel websites and airlines (mainly American at this stage – see their development wiki) allowing you to compare emissions across other modes of transport and assess your carbon credit liability.

The objective of the Real Costs is to increase awareness of the environmental impact of certain day to day choices in the life of the Internet user. By presenting this environmental impact information in the place where decisions are being made, it will hopefully create an impact on the viewer, encourages a sense of individual agency, and provides a set of alternatives and immediate actions. In the process the user/viewer might even be transformed from passive consumer to engaged citizen.

The project is supported by Eyebeam and Rhizome amongst others.

(via Snarkmarket)

Categories
Developer tools Imaging Web 2.0

So many image gallery options – 30 scripts from Smashing Magazine

Smashing Magazine’s 30 Scripts For Galleries, Slideshows and Lightboxes is, like most of their ’round ups’ an impressive selection of image display scripts.

If you’ve been trawling the net yourself trying to find the right set of gallery scripts for a project then drop by Smashing.

I’d highly recommend subscribing to their RSS feed as Smashing Magazine has become a bit of a clearinghouse for everything web design and web developmment related – regularly rounding up the ‘best of’ WordPress templates, plugins, CSS tutorials, AJAX niceties and more.

Categories
Web 2.0 Web metrics

Watching users interact with your site – Robot Replay

There are so many new ‘analytics’ tools springing up. A while back I wrote about Clickdensity who also recently presented at Museums & the Web. Clickdensity’s heat mapping has been an excellent tool for us to better understand how real world users have been using elements of our navigation and screen design. Clickdensity’s visualisation of mouseclicks and navigation makes it instantly possible to see what works and what doesn’t.

Robot Replay is a new free service that uses similar Javascript technology to Clickdensity but records videos of user sessions. This can show you how users spend time moving their mouse around your pages trying to work out what to click on next, rather than just showing where they clicked (assuming they did). Used in conjunction with other tools Robot Replay could, in time, potentially supplant the expensive ‘watch the users’ focus group evaluations that most museums use when redesigning their sites.

Robot Replay certainly isn’t a magic bullet on its own and it needs to be used with many other tools. The ‘replays’ are a bit clunky and show that this is still very much in development. Visualising multiple user sessions is best done via Clickdensity or other heat mapping tools, and log file analysis still offers the best overall picture – but there are some exciting possibilities beginning to open up.

Even if you aren’t redesigning, surely you are curious as to how your current site is actually being used.

A word of caution, you may need to look at your privacy policy to ensure that your use of these tools is in keeping with, in our case, maintaining anonymity of the user and only identifying them by IP address. You need to be very careful that you are recording only only parts of the site where no personally identifying information is being entered – don’t go using it to test your ecommerce site . . . .

Categories
Web 2.0

Pew Internet’s typology of ICT users and the need to map these against museum audiences

The latest long form Pew Internet report came out about a week ago. It is a long read.

This one breaks down ICT users into ten categories in a similar way to the Social Technographics report from Foresters I blogged about recently.

Again this report reinforces the view that change in the mainstream for social technologies is far slower than the media hype implies. If you add up some of the percentages then for the time being there is 41% who are disconnected and not interested, 10% who prefer mobile technologies and rarely use the Internet, 18% who are well connected but still not interested. That leaves a current potential audience of about 31%.

I’d be extremely interested in a museum or arts/cultural sector study that was of a similar magnitude but asked everyone not only about ICT habits but also whether they were regular, infrequent or non-users of cultural sector services like museums and galleries. Looking at figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics report looking at 2002, the % of over 18s who had visited a museum (including art museums) in the past 12 months was (only) around 35%. (Full report from the ABS – see pages 53-54). These figures are for 2,049 sites classified as ‘museums’ for the purposes of the survey.

Four groups of information technology users occupy the elite end of the spectrum. Collectively, 80% of users in these four groups have high-speed internet at home, roughly twice the national average. They are (with each group’s share in the adult population in parentheses):

Omnivores (8%): They have the most information gadgets and services, which they use voraciously to participate in cyberspace, express themselves online, and do a range of Web 2.0 activities. Most in this group are men in their mid- to late twenties.

Connectors (7%): Between featured-packed cell phones and frequent online use, they connect to people and manage digital content using ICTs – with high levels of satisfaction about how ICTs let them work with community groups and pursue hobbies.

Lackluster Veterans (8%): They are frequent users of the internet and less avid about cell phones. They are not thrilled with ICT-enabled connectivity and don’t see them as tools for additional productivity. They were among the internet’s early adopters.

Productivity Enhancers (8%): They have strongly positive views about how technology lets them keep up with others, do their jobs, and learn new things. They are frequent and happy ICT users whose main focus is personal and professional communication.

Two groups make up the middle range of technology users:

Mobile Centrics (10%): They fully embrace the functionality of their cell phones. They use the internet, but not often, and like how ICTs connect them to others. 37% have high-speed internet connections at home. The group contains a large share of African Americans.

Connected But Hassled (10%): They have invested in a lot of technology (80% have broadband at home), but they find the connectivity intrusive and information something of a burden.

Some 49% of all Americans have relatively few technology assets, and they make up the final four groups of the typology. Just 14% of members of the first three groups listed below have broadband at home.

Inexperienced Experimenters (8%): They occasionally take advantage of interactivity, but if they had more experience and connectivity, they might do more with ICTs. They are late adopters of the internet. Few have high-speed connections at home.

Light But Satisfied (15%): They have some technology, but it does not play a central role in their daily lives. They are satisfied with what ICTs do for them. They like how information technology makes them more available to others and helps them learn new things.

Indifferents (11%): Despite having either cell phones or online access, these users use ICTs only intermittently and find connectivity annoying. Few would miss a beat if they had to give these things up.

Off the Network (15%): Those with neither cell phones nor internet connectivity tend to be older adults. A few of them have computers or digital cameras, but they are content with old media.

Categories
Interactive Media Social networking Web 2.0

Visualising your social network

Fidg’t’s Visualiser built using Processing is so cool even in its current early form. What it does is show the relationship of your ‘friends’ to particular tags and maps their ‘proximity’. From there you can browse content which is all pulled in via feeds.

What is even cooler is that you don’t even need to set up a Fidg’t account to use it and you just enter your Flickr and Last.fm profiles names.

Categories
Collection databases Web 2.0

A practical model for analyzing long tails / Kalevi Kilkki in First Monday

Kalevi Kilkki from Nokia writes an interesting essay titled A practical model for analyzing long tails over at First Monday. For those anaysing how visitors dig into their websites, use their collections, this is useful reading.

This essay offers a dozen of examples of phenomenon, from books to square kilometers, that manifest themselves with a long tail of popularity. The long tail distributions are so similar that there is an obvious opportunity to model them by a single function. The main requirement for the function is that the cumulative distribution should generate a smooth S–shape when the x–axis is logarithmic.

As to the accuracy of the model, in many cases there are discrepancies that call for explanations. First, some anomalies could be explained by pure random variations, particularly with the objects with the highest ranks. Secondly, the abrupt end of the tail often is caused by the fact that in reality the size of the object is finite (e.g., one book), while the long tail function continues to eternity with ever smaller objects. Thirdly, the current environment may artificially shorten the tail. For instance, the business model of movie theaters significantly favors the most popular movies compared to an ideal distribution channel that can effectively distribute movies with a small audience. Fourthly, the effect of minorities (e.g. languages other than English) may considerably lengthen the end of the tail but are invisible in the base of the tail. Finally, in some cases there is no apparent explanation for the difference. To explain those unclear cases, we need more studies and better understanding.

Categories
Social networking Web 2.0

Exhibit Files – social networking for museums pros?

Exhibit Files is a community site for museum professionals to post their exhibition development case studies and or others to comment and review exhibitions. Whilst developed specifically for the ATSC, Exhibit Files has wide application for history and art museums as well. At one level Exhibit Files operates as a repository of information about exhibitions past and their development processes, but at another level Exhibit Files is like a LinkedIn for those working with exhibitions – allowing social networking and information exchange.

I am going to be encouraging our exhibition developers and designers to join and experiment with the site as I think that the potential opportunities and knowledge exchange are enormous. Of course, these kind of sites rely on a critical mass of users being reached relatively quickly and I can understand that some organisations may be hesitant about releasing information about their internal development processes (or actively opening up their exhibitions for peer review), but I’d encourage others to look seriously at experimenting with the site.

UPDATE – Nina Simon has posted an excellent interview with the crew behind Exhibit Files.